Means, Ends, and Persons: The Meaning and Psychological Dimensions of Kant's Humanity FormulaNo one wants to be treated merely as a means used, in a sense. But just what is this repugnant treatment? Audi's point of departure is Kant's famous principle that we must treat persons as ends in themselves and never merely as means. Treatment of these kinds is conduct, a complex three dimensional notion whose central elements are action, its motivation, and the manner of its performance. He shows how the notions of treating persons as ends and, by